Contoh Proposal Disertasi Pdf Download
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No notes for slide. Capital market participants need information in making investment decisions.
Information can reduce the uncertainties that occur, so that the decision taken is expected to be in accordance with the objectives to be achieved (Fatmawati and Asri, 1999). Investors interested in the company's financial condition that affects the company's ability to pay dividends and avoid bankruptcy (James C. Van Horne, 1997). The increasing complexity of business, making greater demands on the company. Performance of the company is not only judged by the amount of profit the company alone, because in fact there are other considerations that social and environmental obligations (Holmes: 1976, Oslund: 1977 in Tilt: 2001). The program 'sustainable development' by the government demanded the company as one of the agents of development, to preserve the environment. Phenomenon occurs: Research conducted by Dunlap and Scarce (1991) stated that based on the results of the survey, the public view of business activity and the company as a major contributor to environmental problems that occur at this time.
Contoh Proposal Disertasi Hukum
Many companies that went bankrupt as a result of the environmental impact in its operations. Like for example the case of the PT. Major Indrayon core in North Sumatra terminated operations because of environmental and social issues around the surrounding industrial (Kholis: 2002). In addition, some paper company in Riau protests from the local community with regard to industrial waste and environmental pollution (Ikhsan: 2005).
Stakeholder, legitimacy and signaling theory to Encourage company reported the company's activity and accounting information. Accounting information can include information regarding financial performance and corporate environmental performance. In measuring financial performance can be through ROI, ROE and EPS. ROI: a ratio used to measure the earnings of the company.
The higher the ROI will increase the attraction of investors, so that the relative share price increases, as well as stock returns will increase. ROE: ROE increased internal demonstrate the ability to finance its operating activities increased so that capital is getting stronger as well.
And impact on increasing public confidence in the company and the share price in the stock market tends to rise. EPS: the company's ability to generate profit per share for the owner, so that a large and increasing profits will attract investment in the company. In measuring environmental performance through the implementation of ISO 14001 could, environmental disclosure and PROPER. ISO 14001 (environmental management system): company has been committed to caring environment with international standards. PROPER: an assessment framework for the company's environmental management by government. By giving ratings to companies that actively Participate in this program, spreading information about the company's ability in performing sustainable environmental management.
Companies good environmental performance good news for investors, provide interest to invest will be positively responded through the company's stock price Fluctuation (reflect the existence of any transaction of supply and demand by investors). An efficiency market in information a fair market all market participants get the same quality and quantity of information, and received it at the same time no investor that can have abnormal return over the losses of other investor.
Contoh Proposal Usaha Makanan Pdf
Test a market efficiently or not in information judging from abnormal return. Containing information provide an abnormal return. The presence of abnormal return there is an investor reaction to the announcement. It use as a material consideration in making a decision to invest. By looking at the size of the company, it will affect the relationship between the disclosure of the company's financial performance. Large companies will also seek to account for the social and environmental activities Large companies have a tendency to better performance, so that it can produce financial reporting that much better.
H1: Return on Investment (ROI) affect the market reaction. H2: Return on Equity (ROE) affect the market reaction. H3: Earning Per Share (EPS) affect the market reaction. H4: Environmental Management Accounting (EMA) implementation affect the market reaction. H5: Environmental disclosure affect the market reaction. H6: Rating PROPER ranking affect the market reaction.
H7: Firm size has a positive influence on the relationship between the Return on Investment (ROI) and market reaction. H8: Firm size has a positive influence on the relationship between the return on equity (ROE) and market reaction. H9: Firm size has a positive influence on the relationship between the Earning Per Share (EPS) and the market reaction. H10: Firm size has a positive influence on the relationship between the implementation of Environmental Management Accounting (EMA) and the market reaction. H11: Firm size has a positive influence on the relationship between environmental disclosure and market reaction.
H12: Firm size has a positive influence on the relationship between the PROPER and market reaction.
The present study is about empowering EFL students in writing through portfolios-based instruction. In this study, portfolios were conceptualized as an approach to teaching writing. They were defined as a selected collection of students’ works that exhibited their efforts, progress, and achievements in an English writing class in one semester. Meanwhile, the term ‘empowerment’ was understood as the improvement in writing involving two aspects: lingual and personal empowerment. Lingual empowerment was the improvement of writing where students could produce an effective or proficient text, whereas personal empowerment was concerned with the improvement of writing in which students showed a positive attitude in developing the text and towards their writing performance.
The present study was conducted in an English writing class at the tertiary level including fifteen student teachers as the participants. The study took place in one semester, and it employed an action research design. Data were gained from student text analyses, classroom observations, the use of questionnaire, and interview. Data were analyzed using a qualitative and quantitative strategy. The qualitative strategy was undertaken through text analyses and coding in data of student texts, classroom observations, and interview. On the other hand, the quantitative strategy was based on descriptive statistics with frequency counts to data of questionnaire. The findings revealed that, despite several limitations, portfolio-based instruction could empower EFL students in writing in both lingual and personal aspects. Emachines speakers drivers.
Regarding lingual aspect, students improved their writing in terms of idea development or organization, fluency or structure, word choice, and mechanics.